In California, we have a point system as well. 1 point for minor traffic violations (speeding up to a certain amount above the limit, illegal u-turn etc, at-fault-accident), 2 points for major violations (reckless driving, hit&run, DUI). 4 points in 12 months and your license gets suspended or revoked altogether. Over time, the points are cleared. Usually, it takes 3 years for a 1 point incident to be removed from your driving record. For some violations, you can go to traffic school. This takes a whole day and, at the discretion of the person teaching the class, can keep a point from appearing on your record. "Teaching" mostly means making you feel like an idiot. (Traffic schools are commercial, licensed businesses and come in all sorts: "pizza traffic school", "comedy traffic school", etc. Pro-tip: do not go to comedy traffic school. The only thing made fun of is YOU.)
Points directly affect your insurance rate and even if you can get your insurance renewed at all. Each year, your points are used to determine your new rate for the year. Some insurance companies give a "good driver" discount for having a spotless record over the years.
In California, the speed limit is pretty much 65 MPH on the freeway with some parts of the interstate having a 75 MPH limit. General wisdom is that speeding within 5 MPH over the limit won't get you a ticket. This is mostly to avoid speed gun/speedometer calibration challenges, I think. Given the size of California (and its economic cutbacks), you don't run in the California Highway Patrol (CHP) all that often, unless you're near one of their hubs. On a recent trip from San Jose to San Diego (about 450 miles one way), I counted exactly one CHP motorcycle officer and one local sheriff. There are signs on the interstate indicating airplane patrols taking place but I've never seen one or heard of anyone getting a ticket because of it.
Once you get out in the boonies, you're more likely to run into a speed trap. Local cities can set their own speed limits (never more permissive than state or federal) and do so, enthusiastically, to shake down travelers who would otherwise never stop in their crappy little hick towns.
Traffic speed laws are pretty much the same throughout the western United States, I think. The differences per state are mostly the level of enforcement. It takes money to patrol and enforce the law on the freeway. The CHP budget has been cut back significantly this year, for instance. As an aside, I remember the San Jose PD running out of their gasoline budget early one year in the nineties. They had to significantly cut back on the use of patrol cars and use bicycles instead.