John - I don't think they do to be honest.
As the battery fails, it still accepts what looks like a full charge (at least to the charger). The problem is, a degraded battery fails to sustain it's voltage under load - starting can suffer, and lots of the electronics on the car are extremely voltage sensitive.
So a battery that is at maybe 50% (like mine) starts the car just fine. Roof works. No massive drama.
BUT.
I have a few minor glitches, like the boot not always soft closing (wires are fine - I checked them). The screen for the sat nav doesn;t always close when I switch off the car. Sitting in the car with the stereo on for 15 minutes sometimes gives me a 'battery low' glitch.
I've seen these issues (or similar) on other cars - and they go away after a battery change (not a charge). Something people don't realise is that if a car battery ever fully depletes (ever), it will never regain it's full capacity. It's broken. It may work ok, but could also strand you somewhere.
Every time you start the car you are putting the battery under extreme levels of stress - it will only do this for a certain number of times before it needs replacement. The clock is ticking - no matter how you 'maintain' it. You can certainly extend the lifespan of a battery by good practices, but you canne beat the laws of physics.
Most of us have bought these vehicles 2nd hand - how can you be sure of the real history? Someone saying they kept it on trickle charge means nothing to me. I would be suspicious - why did they start doing that? Was it because they saw a battery issue & tried to do something about it?
They are a maintenance item TBH, and after a lot of years I cannot be doing with all the hassle of a battery that is starting to go flaky. I replace at first sign of badness if the battery is >5 years old.
Aging battery is one of the primary root causes of a hundred different misc issues on a modern car. Battery & tires are one of my first auto replacements when I buy any car over 5 years old if there is any doubt at all when they were last done.
Google for 'most likely cause of vehicle breakdown' - result is battery.
Why would you not change it?